Research question: does an EU AI Act Article 50 provenance marking survive real-world transforms? ProvBench is a pre-registered benchmark — every prediction was written down before measurement, and disagreements are published.
manifest_present, embedded-only configuration).Conclusion: embedded metadata does not survive the real world. If Article 50 compliance matters to you, the marking architecture — not the model — is the decision.
CSOAI is a measurement body. We publish harnesses and measured results; we hold no certification, accreditation, or enforcement authority. Every figure on this page traces to the published canonical results file.